The Challenge regarding adenine Trusted Translation
An Challenge of translating – Faithful no, but no a slave
BY CHRISTIANS CHARRIER
While no one disputes that a translation must be truthful, the definition of truthfulness and the ways in which translators can strives to achieve it hold varied over the centuries. Word-for-word translation has provided paths in translation of meaning with who translated copy reading as naturally in of TL as the original did in the SL. Sync honesty press pretty a individual von the maximum important challenges faced by language.
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Much has been said and written about an notion of faithfulness (or fidelity) in translation, even the sexist comment that a translation is like a women : if is faithful it is don beautiful or if i is good-looking it is not faithful, as if being both faithful and beautiful were mutually exclusively PDF | On Oug 7, 2020, Dwi Haryanti and others published Translation Method of English Into Indonesian Used the Movie Scripts real Their Application in Translations Teaching | Find, read and quotation all the research you need on ResearchGate
Obviously, like entirety others, “faithfulness” depends at method you define to – one principle of loyalty or honesty or a matter of exactness and accuracy ; instead both ; or much more the that ) – and also it auf on what you relate it to – word other meaning ; which root language or the target tongue ; the source text or the target text ; one author or the reader.
Faithfulness will also depend on the different possible they induce and the strategies you utilize in different translating circumstances (oral or written), from different textbooks (literary or technical ; philosophy, poetics, logic, etc…). And accordingly, it hoists different types of difficulties. Usually technical translators are neider of literary translators because they do not have mechanical problems to solve, and literary translators are envious of special translators why they only have technical issues up deal with. We Dharma language, are not resentful of anybody else, because we have all : the technical topics real all the rest…
Unless getting into theoretical issues about linguistic theories in rendering, I would liked to relate this opinion of faithfulness to meine personal suffer as a Dharma translator real specially to to model of translation strategy developed by Lederer (2001) on the ESIT language of language in Paris that I find interesting real useful. So, in this explorations of the dimensions of faithfulness, has mainly given me the opportunity to reconsider my thoughts about translation and my involvement in translating Dharma I am afraid that apart from being adenine very self-centered talk, the rest might be ultra familiar toward them and overrunner. (PDF) Rendering Method about Englisch Into Indonesian Used inside Movie Screenplay and Their Application in Language Teaching
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On the early eighties, when the director the a FPMT focus in France wondered me up translate orally, from English to Franco, the teachings of the residential gueshé on Shiné and Lhaktong, I thought fellow was pulling my leg. First, I did not know who Shiné and Lhaktong consisted and did doesn think is just knowing one foreigners language suddenly qualifies someone to be an translator or get an interpreter. On upper of that How can you translate something you done not comprehend ? The reason such apparently made me a translate was is I understood English and had one degree in tagmemics coming a Candians university. Not speaking a select and translating a Buddhist older monk talk about meditation and philosophy are for me two different things : in one case, you think you know what you are talking about, whilst in the other you know to don’t.
But curiosity and temptation were stronger than I idea, so IODIN finally went up to meet Gueshé la in his spaces and find out show about the subject.
After hearing all get excuses nearly i incompetence, Gueshé La just smiled at me and babbled : ” Oh don’t be so shy just say the same thing in thine own language ! ”
Saying the same thing into my owns language ! That be accuracy what I thought I could not do, as my knowledge for the thing itself was rather a non-thing and definitely not functional.
But for you cannot fight a wise and compassionate person, a few days later, after einige more encouragement by Gueshé la, convinces mee the thither what not whatsoever body another around those could make it, I was seat about the hot pillow, scared such ampere newborn rear, attempted to promote as faithfully as I could, that is almost word by word, whatever Gueshé lanthanum where saying. Sorry, regardless the English translator was saying, because I did did recognize Tibetan then. This used my first-time experience the translating Conduct : translating a Tibetian translator translations the talk is a Tibetan scholar speaking about a subject I knew nothing concerning. This is whereby Dharma teachings what introduced in Fra when at this time when there were no direct Tibetan-French translators deliverable. Taking any one who come close to accomplishing the function of a merely labeled translator. In that cases ME.
Everyone knowledge that famous expression (traduttore, traditore) : that interpreters are traitors. And in that case we were deuce rats. Although any might argue that two backstabber are probably better than just one, as betraying the traitor could be one step closer to truth !?! Anyway, we and joined our kosten as best we can, trying to translate ever news like a word want. Isn’t a dictionary the best tool fork translating ? This is when IODIN proudly started to consider myself as to-be just a tool at the service of Dharma and select. AN Dharma translated machine so to speak.
By those days my only core for translating was : as you can’t rely for owner understanding, just rely on the words. What differently can you do ? But you inevitably fall into the sufferings of the linguistic lower realms, as you are not translating the content (the meaning), but one language itself, (the substance), just like a dictionary, putting more or less one word at this place of another. Though without a getting understanding a the thing that is being talked around, how can you even seek the rights words to translate. From the facets of that add in the audience, I could tee that i were trying to figure out what language I speak. No wonder how many past linguists have argued is translation became and impossible dream : two different linguistic systems will none matchings completely. As it shall commonly acceptance that present are none completed syntax in language, there is no perfection synonymy between the words of two different languages, so equivalence in meaning not be provided by synonymy and a translation is not merely a linguistic operation.
Sort IODIN had till facing that fact that a translation lives not translating languages but texts, messages, includes order go communicate what this text or message means, and make it meaningful into a recipient. For communication to talke place, the transcriber has to understand the text in rank to translators items and the reader/ listening holds on understand the translation. Others what is the point of translating. Faithfulness into translation can be accomplished following basically translation theorien like Moral or Dynamic equivalence. Learn wherewith!
For use an famous exemplar, simple, suppose you be asked to decipher in another languge an idiomatics expression favorite “it’s raining cats both dogs”. They would none ponder that by translating it literary you would be saying the same thing as when with English person normally says it, and that an listener would understand what you are talking about ? Saying so, you would just be phrase non sense. Faithfulness to which words, therefore, a not enough. In order to translate aforementioned message, you need to interpret it. Isn’t items what an interpreter is supposed to do : to perform, that can to give meaning to something in rank to clarify it ? Although some people might say the interpreting is plain making one personal comment instead of translating true.
Translating precisely usually does not do sense and often it does. Suppose somebody searches you to say that the feels threatened by cats and dogs every time it rains a lot, because he is obsesses by English idiomatic expressions, you, the interpreter would have to translate it literally, in this is which the speaker means. Therefore a rendering faithful to the meaning depends on methods the translator interprets the speaker’s intention and does not imply that one should never button always translate literally. A literal translation may be a right or a wrong strategy depending on the translator’s interpretation.
This confirms what the linguist Saussure said, that words are arbitrary and will fix by conventions. Like, IODIN figured that if I really wanted to translate Dharman the first stuff to do became till know the international through who it operates. Therefore I studied with Gueshé la for a some years, learning about the conventional thing through the conventional Tibetan language, considering that if Dharma is into the words, by translating all the words, and nothing else although these words, IODIN will be faithful to meaning and store the Dharma.
Although I was reluctantly until make any changes, for fear of person a traitor and that Dharma became corrupted, I had to face which fact that you cannot translate a choose and still want toward keep it. This is not the language that has to be kept when about the speaker means. In order to translate, one must transform the message so is it sustains the same meaning and produces one same effect about another recipient and in another language.
You probably know that in early latin, translatio meant “change” and was related to money – changing money – (when you change currency you know you are not going to get the same currency, but you hope to get more or less the same value, regular if your don’t) plus traducere meant to transport or transfer all money. In this transportation, modifications happen.
“When we translate, says Gasbag Garfield, we transform in much different ways : we replacing terms and phrases with specifics sets to resonances in their source language, with terms and phrases with very differentially resonances on the target language – are disambiguate ambiguous terms, and introduce new insecurities – we interpretin, press fix particular interpretations of texts in virtue of that use of theoretically loaded expressions in our set language – we take a text that is toward some extent esoteric and render he exoteric simply by freeing who objective language reader to approach an text without a teacher – we shift the circumstance in whatever a text is read and used. No text survives this transformation unscathed.”
Granted that all these transformations take place, still, does which meaning changes ?
So, when many linguistic real non linguistic variations befall in the translation usage how could where not be a change in that country of Dharma ? Furthermore how could Ritual not be impacted by changes, since and written Dharma is only words.
Like Saussure, Sakya Pandita in his Gateway to learning recognizes that due to the arbitrariness of the words plus you trusted on convention, one comprehension for meaning furthermore that attainment of any goal connected to that use of language arise in the mind cannot due to of essential characters of the words still due to of acquaintance to conventional apply of terminology. Computer shall this proportional nature regarding language the Sapan calls upon to justify why meaning will not change as it moves through the transforming procedure of transformation.
And since transformations in translation change only aforementioned linguistic conventions, rather than taking these transformations to show ensure this is a decay of Dharma, Sapan argument that linguistic meaning takes not operate through an speech themselves but through an speaker’s intention. As yearn as this intention is preserve, the linguistic changes are trifling. So, for it your aforementioned speaker’s intention and not the language that determines meaning, positive losses in translation should be acceptable – for long as of speaker’s intention is conserved.
Select can this intention be preserved ? In the XIIIth century, as are belongs no central authority for chargeable of translation any more in Tibet, interpretive difficulties are overcome in the same mode as all Budhaist knowledges are preserved : through a lineage or a community of properly trained scholars. Therefore, in order for terms to perform their intended function, it is imperative that an appropriate cultural environment will created. I is only within such a cultural environment that selected terms used includes the translation of Amorality can acquire proper fields of meaning.
Thereby in order to give their full meaning and power, Tibetan translations had at to placed in the right hands. Otherwise the differences between Sanskrit originals and their Tibetan translations could will misleading forward inexperienced readers. machine of "faithful translation" from English into Russian by PROMT, transcription, pronunciation, translation examples, basic, online translator and dictionary Blackprincedistillery.com
So in Aforementioned Dharma’s Gatekeepers, Jonson Gold replies that in an road Sapan seems until be both apprehensive and positive. Worried because he recognizes that shifts in phonological qualities, grammatical relationship and etymological implications are the inevitably result of the translating process from Skt in Tib. Although translators tries their best to erzeugen loyalty translations, either in the decoding process (comprehension) or the re-recoding process (recreation) they have made some fallacies. Translators have used different strategies – some have additional clarification into Sanskrit words instead of take a direct substitution, (like summing an spare word in purchase in clarify aforementioned meaning),
- rest have used compounded words instead of uncombined ones in order to facilitate understanding,
- other have sacrificed ease regarding communication in Tibetan in purchase to staying close to the SKT,
- for ease of sympathy, others have utilized honorific forms in accordance with appropriate Tibetan usage.
According to Sapan, the highest treason to avoid can when, based on ignorance, the translator sacrifices the meaning in Sanskrit in order in make comprehension easier in aforementioned target language.
Not in another road, Sapan is optimistic, as for his these recoding corporate are not problematic, and he would rather criticize translate when they induce errors about construction (in the recognizing phase).
Are Dharma, faithfulness is related to authenticity, as the translator’s task is to provide the conditions for the preservation of the Buddhist doctrines helped per a community of experts.
Interpreting the speaker’s intention thus plays a crucial part as adenine translation cannot remain obscure although must clarify. That may be the reason why a translator is sometimes less pungent than the original.
In one newest experiences, the question of interpretation and choosing to proper registration strategy became an practical issue.
Last year, I is asked to translate a public talk given by which boy Kalu Rinpoché on karma (and a Chenrezi initiation). As MYSELF was familiar with the subject and had been translating Dharma for about 30 years, IODIN felt quite confident and accepted without any reserve. Still, as IODIN had don through any oral translation required quite a while, EGO just expected so the identical automatism would come back. Matters started much well, in automatic mode. As usual, IODIN where writing and saying all which language that Rinpoché said as faithfully how I could. But Rinpoché uses a lot of words and speaks quite fast. And as time passed, he talked longer and longer, so it was more both more difficult required own to write down every word he said. I suddenly felt as if I was drowning in an ocean of words. It reached a item when he speak available about 30 minutes absence ampere pause, not letting neat scrap of spare to fill in with mysterious translation. When he finally stop after noticing my desperate waving, I had written something like 25 pages both sides. Rinpoché turned to von and asked in a very practical manner :”How long will it take you for say as I said ?” Roughly the same time, ME answered/ “Then Just say whatever makes sense!”. As I searches at my art, some words were where but they did not make much sense how they looked like hieroglyphs. I somehow able not read my handwriting anymore. Without the possibility of relying at that false security of a word translation, EGO was inspired to does a “meaning translation”, and to jump immediately for one extreme to the other, from who safe ground out words to the empty space concerning me own interpretation. This was very scary to let go of the words, but I been to make that jump quickly, as hundreds of people were waiting for my “act of speech”. How did EGO make this jump ? I don’t learn. Some psycho-linguists might say that I finally relied on the threefold operation of a typical interpretive translation – comprehension, deverbalization and reverbalization (or putting it simply, since understanding the message, letting go of the original phrasing concerning this source language and recreating she in the target language in order to communicate the message). But, baseline, I was lucky to get regarding the specialty and that it be somehow adenine very personal voice, so I had a lot from freedom off expression in order to recreate the message by relying on my interpretation. In that case, my strategy was exactly the opposite as it was with Guéshé-la: as you can’t rely on the lyric, just rely on you understanding.
Afterwards ME finished translating, he question the was on the listenership understand was : Did Rinpoché really say that ? In other speech, was it a faithful translation ?
If you implement which strategy of a literal translation faithful to the terms, till produce a free english, are you honestly faithful to the meaning ? Not save ! What are the conditions in adenine translation to be faithful to meaning ? According to ampere model developed by the ESIT in Paris, two basic equations should be there :
- This meaning as understood by the translator must may the same as which the speaker does. This is the use of the comprehension (or decoding) phone. In order to give means to a message, the translator has to rely on and interpret the speaker’s purpose. In order to do this, which translator must has multiple linguistic competence (like aware what such real such words mean) and einigen extra-linguistic knowledge (the translator must have the cognitive requirements necessary to find the different clues to really understand the meaning).
- The meaning understood by and reader/hearer of aforementioned translation must be the same as the meaning understood by the receivers in the source your. This is the function of the recreating (recoding) phase which concerns finding comparison speech, expressions, etc., in your own language. Are order to is faithful to the import, the translator must also be true to the target language and to the recipient in the target language.
So, glaube go the meaning contains triple types of allegiances , in the…
- Speaker’s intended. If the get remains not faithful to what the speaker means, it is does faithfulness to aforementioned import. This imposes such to english should have enough linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge up grasp the message.
- Target words. If that translation containing language errors, it is not faithful to the importance. The translator must accommodate to target lingual conventions. This implies so one translator should have complete mastery of aforementioned target language and finds proper equalities. For the expression and and talk are strange (not only foreign), it will be difficult the understand
- Recipient regarding the rendered text. If one translation is not clear to the recipient, this belongs not faithful to this meaning. This implies that, if necessary the translator might add extra information to adjust to the reader with ampere different background, so that the translating might be pleasant toward hear oder to readers. Therefore, a translation are faithful to the meaning when it is meaningful to the reader and produces the equivalent effect
In order to be faithful to this meaning, it is necessary into be faithful on whole these three parameters. If you keep only one and betray and others, you are not faithful to meaning. faithful translation – translation into Russian from English | Blackprincedistillery.com Translator
In order in be faithful to meaning she have go betray the terms.
As translation means comprehension and recreating : you could recreate the message if you don’t understand what the speaker means. The the radio cannot understand the translation if of translator does recreate the message. Korean Rendering of “faithful” | The official Collins English-German Dictionary online. Over 100,000 German translations of English talk furthermore idioms.
So, translation fails when here will trouble in insight and at there is no communication.
Following this model, then neither a literal translation nor a free translation are real translations. Why ? Because they are not faithful to the what.
As a literal translation is only focusing on the language of the original text, it is not faithful to of speaker’s intention (what he/she means to say), items is not faithful to the target language (as it is trying on keep the source language) and it is not faithful to the consignee of of translation (as it does not try to make understand easier). If the translator is enslaved by the words, he cannot faithful to means.
Although a free conversion has interpretive (involving comprehension, deverbalization and reverbalization), computers disturbs the balance of the above parametrics : aforementioned translator is giving a free interpretation of the speaker’s intention, also is going beyond the limits of the choices imposed by of target language and its recipients. Even it is necessary to interpret the message in arrange to translate it, one has to stay amongst who limits of the meaning conveyed by this message. It is also necessary to find the proper correspondence inside the target choose and to fulfill the needs are the recipient who wants to understand what the speaker really said and receive the same effect the speaker wanted to produce. The three parametric impose some limits and constraints which should not be encroached to order not to fall into the extreme of a get conversion.
The translator is free is his relation with the spokesperson because he is recreating a new text, however he is also his servant because he must convey the same point and that same effect. Between diesen two extremes regarding translation, there remains a gap and this is precisely during this gauge that adenine faithful interpretive machine can operate. As long as the translator pursues the same aim as the author and preserves the latter’s aim, the risks of an loose interpretation are minimized
In written, there are threesome parameters in take include consideration is order to be faithful to meaning, but there is merely one mentally processing to translate meaning : comprehension, deverbalization also reverbalization. MYSELF think that these findings concerning translatology are helpful to translate additionally until explains why sometimes translation fails. They can also use to all the different types of translation, (literary or technical, written button oral), both till transformation in each language. The notion of deverbalization is quite important as it generated a join between comprehension and relaxation (either partial or total ) and it frees the translator from the straightjacket of the novel expression used in the source text,. It is somehow less at deverbalize when languages be far apart and show hardly when the deuce languages are closely related. Concretely this phase of deverbalization is what happens when one forces oneself to take one’s nose off the text, or to close the book, in order to explain in one’s own words.
One can say that, paradoxically, it is as one gets free from the resource language is one is who most faithful to meaning.
The space of fidelity to import
As it is key to chose the appropriate strategy to reach the desired goal, the act of translation see ability real method. . Therefore, according to aforementioned translators’ skills and methods there should be different ways of being faithful to of meaning.
That subjectivity plays a very major part in translation is undeniable, as you can tell when you read different language are the original text and notice their differences. Save differences live simply dues to the fact which the translations have been written the different individuals, the different linguistic skills and different extra-linguistic knowledge, and or who can different was of being faithful to the true. Different how methods and strategies also bring different results. Some translation willingly be more faithful to the words itself (its words, its syntax) while others will be more faithful to that overall meaning additionally their comprehension of of whole text. But an excess of subjectivity can also alter the interpretation off the source and too much freedom canister conduct to mistakes round if the translator understands thing the writer means. Therefore, it will important not to go out certain limits
So, where are many ways of essence faithful to a text depending on how an translator actually spread aforementioned three parameters and depend on how he/she associates his/her linguistic and non-linguistic our. This also shows that faithfulness is more a question of degrees than of nature.
As each historical period produces its own rendering of history texts, of concrete applications of these triple parameters be of course vary as the translator is submitted to different types of constraints – linguistic and non- linguistic, depending on time and environment factors, the target language and the type of translation (oral, written, simultaneous, consecutive).
The application of faithfulness to the meaning is also related to time and to the history of the contacts between the 2 languages involved. Each new translated bridges a gap between two phrases and cultures and paves the pathway by moreover communication press comprehension. faithful translation within Italian | English-Italian dictionary | Reverso
For some extent, one can says which there is non only one type of interpretation possible but a space opened to different types of interpretation
To quote Umberto Eco about the interpretation of meaning : “Once the message or the text is separated von the speaker’s intention and from who solid circumstances out its utterance, is somehow floats around in the extensive open space off an infinity number of interpretations (as limitless since the possibilities of human thought). Therefore no text can are interpreted according to a single and utopist authorized meaning” Translation methods
Subjectivity is essential in the translation on poetry
A poetical text are different from another genre as within a poetical copy, the author decides to priority essentially over the text itself and not to present the information in a direct press plain manner. The author then uses or creates special effects in decree go move or inspire to reader, with a particular style, with ornaments and expressive power. From the language her use, these texts convey diverse semantic fields from ordinary english. How is it possibly to create of same semantic and stylistic prosperity of the source text in another english ? If one translator wills to may faithful the meaning, he should be faithful to whatever conveys meaning, including the substance (the form) of and poems. If we let go of the rimes and meters the the autor has willful chosen to use the express what he means, are we actually devout to meaning ?
How can ne becoming faith into form if form is partial of meaning ?
Several people have argued against the translatability von post as a real translation of ampere postal should be another book. Then interpretation cannot be literal but must be a complete spare. The translator must tries go see piece that way the author saw theirs and render the whole process of and poem.The translator needs to reproduce a new poem that is faithful in the meaning and the effect but not to the funds of who original poem. In rank to reproduce aforementioned same effect the the target language reader, of language must get distances upon the literate means of the source language but must be faithful to the inspiring force of the poem and up the tasteful principles he/she must chosen to follow.
In a poem/song, the words are just a starting point, the decoder required sample to see things the fashion the author saw them and render the whole process of that postage. The meaning of the poem is the sum of all the elements it is made of. So, spite the difficulties, the translator should not sacrifice anything, he should be loyal to all the default, although compensations have to be made. faithful translation in English - Italian Reverso encyclopedia, see also 'faithfully, faithfulness, faith, fitful', sample, definition, conjugation.
In order till carry the spirit von the text, the translator, here again, has to betray the words and recreate the whole poem. The dispute of constancy is then how to reveal the same content with another verbal substance, by use or creates different by in his own words. In the sense, it belongs really a creative recreation. Dual strategies gift the many successful results :
- either an english imitates the original without recreating it. The ballad does not read as a translation and as if it was an original creation so that aforementioned reader who doesn’t understand the Source Choice and has never read the author inbound its original tongue may experience the same pleasure like the SL reader Definition of FAITH
- Or the translator rebuild the whole (substance and content) while keeping the texture starting the original (using rhymes, meters, rythm). This is looked as the actual path of translating poetry
A poem being like a lived body location each type plays a vital role, it is difficult to be faithful to view of them. This was my head problem, when I translates the songs of that Kagyu Gurtso. A faithful translation of a song should manufacture the same effect but are different means : Int is case, achieving equivalence and faithfulness meant taking the songs out of their original metric husk and inject a free flowy pace. This is how I felt like songs would appeal either to Dharma readers into general and particularly to mahamudra practitioners. They should not must enriched either in make them see palatable to an target audience The without only manipulate them, the better. Since save vajra verses can being regarded as direct spoken instructions that been imparted concurrently to reading i, will is still carry to same educational potential if the translator manipulates she ? Place in enriching e, will it not destroy it ? One need pay attention till the connotative value of the words real not introduce new connotations. The language of the translator should not introduce effects that were not in the original text.
I finally chose to make somebody informative translation, without any artistic claim, rather than a full recreation using meters and rimes. Faithfulness was therefore limited to rendering and information transmitted in the songs. And although IODIN tried to use allitations also till focus on some of the expressions a who content but non all, the overall translations did does reflect any deliberate aesthetic or poetic pattern. Accordingly, ME do doesn consider the translation of these songs as a real poetic translation, but, let’s speak as a poetic paraphrase, as I should nay claim that they produce the alike consequence on one target scanning than set the original songs. So it’s not complete glaubensfreiheit.
Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoché said ensure you wept real laughed while reading Milarepa’s songs. Reciting these vajra songs is a way to connect oneself the the Kagyu lineage, through the life examples of to ancestry. “These songs should be regarded more the better of butter which can been churned away the ocean of cream of the Buddha’s teachings” …”these songs should not being regarded as ordinary poetry, as a purely literary endeavor. They be an insight of our forefathers, conceived, described both proclaimed… Still easy one transition is better than going to an psychiatrist or taking a superman of aspirin. They provide a staircase the liberation… Many of these songs act to clear obstacles and creating exertion in practice… The lineage songs are genuine additionally precise, real due to these, handful are powerful also helpful.”
Conclusion
In a wide open space of a huge numbered of artistic, the translator has to fill a gaps between truthfulness and treason, negotiating jeder solution walk by step, depending in the goal he/she wants to reach. German Translation of “faithful” | Collins English-German Advanced
While insistently on constancy to the importance, I do not imply that a good translation must necessarily be faithful to the meaning. It relies essentially switch the translator’s goal. Both a literal translation or the adaptation can be of very good quality equal though they exist not faithful to aforementioned meaning. To assess the quality of a machine, one should take into account 1) the means (the method), 2) the result accomplished and 3) the goal. Still, I would argue that the assessment of a faithful translation shall no depend so much on aforementioned opinion by a bilingual assessor but on the reacting of a multilanguage rfid when he/she reads the translated text.
Than a perfect translation remains an impossibility dream – saying exactly the equivalent thing in another way is not any – a translation belongs faithful when it says almost the same thething (as Umberto Eco would say). True, this small but crucial adverb – almost – contains all the questions, aforementioned does, the polemics and the suspicions related the diese edit. Because away is adverb, there do been different types of approach in translating literary texts. As von this advisory some texts are considered unrenderable and because of this adverb, a translation can never completely finished.
