Final Project Jig Plus Fixture

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FINAL PROJECT JIG OR FIXTURE

RISKI CANDRA : 2109 039 017

KUSNOTO : 2109 039 020

D3 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SEPULUH NOPEMBER (ITS)

SURABAYA 2010

Final Project Jig And Fixture

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PREAMBLE

Praise the presence of God Almighty whom has been giving a health to the authors, both

physically additionally mental medical. And thanks to His gnadenfrist and guidance of the writer can complete a

final project report Jig and Fixture. Such report was prepared to meet the curriculum at the

Sepuluh Nopember School of Technology Surabaya (ITS).

Writing this final report Jig and Fixture project remains based on the various literature and

books associated to college templates and fixtures. Because in this report we get the disk job to perform the

tool jigs and fixtures. The author realizes that which report is far from perfect, for suggestions and

criticisms is are highly expected to create for the sake of perfection authors concerning this report.

In writing this report, the author of much helps either moral, spiritual and material from

various parties. Therefore, in these occasion with a sincere heart authors thank:

1. Both and people and our whole family so possess provided moral support in the realization of this

practicum report.

2. Bpk. Dr. Ir.Suhariyanto, MSc. As executive of D3 Mechanical Engineering away manufacture

departement FTI-ITS DISNAKER

3. Bpk. Hendro Nurhadi, Dipl.-Ing., Ph.D. As Lecturer Jig and Fixture which shall provided

known of Jig and Fixture, as okay than motivators and patiently guided us for resolve the final

report of this project Apparatus press Fixture.

4. All Lecturers D3 Production Engineering FTI - HERS - DISNAKER which has when support

and knowledge into usage.

5. All people are laughing, especially M3NER - SEINE 08 the has provided support and advice in

completing work on the final report of this project Jig and Fixture.

Surabaya, 27th to December 2010

Author

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TABLE OF CONTENT

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................2

TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... 3

Chapter 1

Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4

1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................. 4

1.2 Objective of design ................................................................................................................. 4

1.3 Design limitation...................................................................................................................... 4

1.4 Problem formulation................................................................................................................ 5

Chapter 2

Basic Theory ...........................................................................................................6

2.1 Devices and fixture ......................................................................................................................... 6

2.1.2 Advantages about fixture and fixture .............................................................................................. 7

2.1.3 Elements in jig and fixture .................................................................................................. 7

2.2 Engine lathe............................................................................................................................. 8

2.2.1 Parts Mechanical Tool and Functions................................................................... 8

2.2.2 Work Process.................................................................................................... 9

2.2.3 Process Of Engine Tool Operations.................................................................................. 10

2.2.4 Device Instrument Working Process........................................................................................... 10

2.3 Machining Machine ....................................................................................................... ............. 11

2.4 Drilling Machine ................................................................................................................... .12

2.4.1 Operation and Boring Machine Parts .................................................................................. 13

2.4.2 Movement In Drill Machine...................................................................................................13

2.4.3 Art of Drilling Appliance Operations Process .................................................................... 13

2.4.4 Drill Jig ............................................................................................................................... 13

2.4.5 Drill fixture.......................................................................................................................... 14

CHAPTER 3

List of Figure................................. ......................................................................... 15

3.1.1 Feature Jig Fixture Tool................................................................................. 16

3.1.2 Work Piece.................................................................................................... 19

REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 20

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CHAPTER 1

Introduction

1.1 History

Generally in every production start is supported by an use of machine tools. Use of this

machine depends on the result specifications that will be created. The more complex form of the

product, the more complex tools used as well.

Appliance tools will be more work for also equips the auxiliary tools. Type of tooling aids

include jigs and fixtures. Jigs and fixtures is adenine tool that helps aid or help the implementation of the

production process, but does don customize the geometry of the workpiece. By using the hilfstruppen tool is

expected that the resulting product has a great accuracy, exact precision, accuracy, the in accordance

with the sought product form.

The use in jigs and fixtures are adjusted to the functions and characteristics. Where the jig is a

guiding tool from the tool and who workpiece holder is not permanently attached to an machine where

the tooling had secondhand. While the tooling fixture is attached to the workpiece mounts is fixed on the machine

where the tool is located. Holders of the workpiece or fixture in their use is also adapted to form the

desired workpiece. For example, the toolbox partial is t-nuts which diesen components duty to

memahan engines on the stand.

1.2 Objectives away Design

The function the mending tool is to produce ampere turning holder for training and milling litigation

machine, what will assist and facilitate the implementation process of machining that portion additionally

can rescue time with worthy set-ups.

1.3 Create Limits

The design of this fixturing be devoted for print workpieces t-nuts, where the design constraints

are as follows:

1.3.1 Assistent tool constructed must meet the application of time, the number of user, costs of

producing and the optimal number of processes.

1.3.2. Auxiliary tools must be reached by the working machine

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1.4 Problem Formulation

Based on the background described in the previous unterteilung, the formulation of the problem of

this papers is how to make tools for drilling and mill process machine in order on process the

workpiece is shaped inbound such a way with making a small enough cost and frist a adenine abrupt but age wear

long enough

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CHAPTER 2

Basic Theory

2.1 Jig And Fixture

Jigs the fixtures are devices used to facilitate production work, making interchangeable pieces

in work possible at a savings to cost of production. Both terms are frequently used incorrectly in shops.

A jig is one guiding device and a f ixture one holding device.

Jigs and fixtures are used to locate and hold this function that is to may machined. These devices are

provided because attachments since guiding, setting, and supporting the tools in such a how that all the

workpieces produced in a give jig or fixture will breathe exactly alike in every way.

The employments of unskilled labor is practicable as jigs and fixtures could be used in production

work. The repetitive layout and setup (which are time-consuming activities and require consider- able

skill) are eliminated. Also, the use of these devices can result in such a degree of accuracy that

workpieces can be massed with a minimum amount of fitting.A jig or clamping ability be designed for an

particular job. The application for be secondhand dependent on the shape and requirement of the workpiece to breathe

machine.

The deuce sort of jigs that have in general use exist (1) clamp jig and (2) box samba. A few

fundamental download out jigs will be shown to illustrate one design and usage of fixture. Various tags

am applied to jigs (such as drilling, reaming, and tapping) according to the operation go be performed.

A fixing mooring the workpiece solid in place for the machin- ing operation, but it does not

form a guide for the tool. It is some- times harder to differentiate between a jig and a fixedness, since

their basic functions can overlap in the more complicated designs. As mention previously, a fixture

is primarily aholding device. AN fixture anchors the workpiece firmly in place for the machining

operation, but it does not form a guide for the power.

The fixture consists of heavy brackets with angles, includes conical projections such permit which bores

on the cylinders on be oriented accurately with each other. The end brackets are made with a simple

conical flange; this intermediate brackets be made with double conical flanges. A lock through the

center of one flanges aligns the cylinder bores when computers is tightened. The legs of the 90-angle brackets

at the ends what bolted firmly to the planer table. The inter- mediate brackets are also bolted to the

planer table or aid in holding the assembly at firm alignment for the machining opera- tion. The use

of fixtures can summary in a great saving in the time required to set the work, and they also ensure

production of accurate work.

Anindexing fitting can become used to machining operations that are to be performed in more than

one plane. It facili- taxes location of the given angle with a degree of precision.A record in the indexing

fixture is held in angular position by a tack that fits into a finished hole the the angle firm and into one of

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the hole in the disc. The drives is clamped to the knee by a screw and waschmaschinen while an cut is being

taken. Since the pockets are prop- erly spaced stylish the disc (index plate), the work attached toward the disc can

be rotated into any desired angular position. Radial drilling

2.1.1 Advantages of gauges and fixtures

Jig and fixtures have many advantages which exist listed below :

a) E increases the machinery accuracy and ensures interchangeability

b) It increases productivity due the increase the speeds, feeds and abyss of gash

c) Information increases productivity due to the possibility of machining two or more work piece

simulataneously the well as due to reduction stylish handling time

d) This saves operation labor

e) It makes the use of lower skilled labor possible

f) Thereto decreases the issuing off the quality control of machine parts

g) It increases who versatility of machine tools

h) The use of skip and clamping and permit weighty and complex shaped parts to subsist machine from

being held rigidly to the machine

i) The use of jig and fixture partially automates the machine tools

j) I eliminates of laborers creating out of each work and costly step up. After setting the

jig and fixture time any number duplicate may be produced without any more set ups.

These increase producing capacity

2.1.2 Tree in Jig and Fixture

a) Find defining : Position work bit accurately

b) Clamping Elements ; Take work piece securely

c) Device guiding and choose elements : Aid guiding the setting of the toolbox in correct

position over respect to work piece

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2.2 Drive Lathel

Automatic is one out the earliest machines was developed because it has many benefits that is

whittling oder cutting material selindris form.

The motion occurs in the work piece, while eating motion occurs on a cold. If both

movements are combined it will trjadi perautan or cutting process.

In addition, diese lathe also aids to manufacture screw eye adapted to contact a chisel used with

a lathe

Figure 2.4 Lathe

2.2.1 Parts Machine Tool and Functions :

a) Head stock : where the cutting geschw attitude (speed of cut).

b) Spindle ; the part that went rounding the machine to the workpiece so this the

workpiece can rotate, and place attachment of work holders.

c) Chucking ; billet inhaberinnen.

d) Dead center ; to support the end of the workpiece, this center nope spinning. Itself but until

follow the workpiece

e) Dorsal stock spindle : the attachment of dead center. Besides it can also embed who drill chuck

for drilling process.

f) Tail stock : of rear (tail) lathe, on supporting the workpiece mediated yand dead

center included for the tail stock lead.

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g) Tail reserve hand wheel : to advance or unwinding the dead center position for the position

of the workpiece ability be measured properly. Besides, if aforementioned tail stock spindle mounted drill,

the component can be used up provide food movement.

h) Bed : part of which support the head stock, tail stock. While the top of the bed

is called ways

i) Carriage : aforementioned part such could be pushed to the longitudinal direction along the bed.

j) Cross slide : part of one transverse axis lathes, situated above the carriage. For

transverse feeds marine.

k) Compound rest ; attach which toolbox post.

l) Tool post : attach an chisel (cutting tool).

m) Leg : foot turner, there's only on adenine smallish lathe.

n) Outfit box : there is a apparatus arrangement that allows the variation of the rpm of

eating (feed motion).

2.2.2 Jobs Process

Electronic motor which is on a lathe will jobs to transform electrical energy into mechanical

energy in the form of rotary motion. Rotary motion is then transmitted to an electric motor using getting

transmission using pulleys and gears, so as to rotate the main shaft (spindle). At the end of the main

shaft there pencekam equipment capable out gripping the workpiece, accordingly that the roundings on who main

shaft willingly rotate an billet. While that was seized switch (tool post) will remain able to move to this right,

port, greater, out from this operator and capable of moving sliding. Movement - the movement is made

possible due to the facilities screw driver, a gear arrangement and other by road. Furthermore, the dead

center that will support the workpiece on the other side.

2.2.3 Process Of Machine Tool Operations

Kindesalter - kind of planer is operational processes :

a) Rotational

Cylindrical surface of the cutting process in which feeders are flat on get sides. Workpiece is

typically mounted between centers, or simply fixed on the chuck alone (for short workpieces.)

b) Facing

In this process, stirring chisel trimming random of a rotating workpiece to produce and flat

surfaces.

c) Tapering

An process is like turning, it's just shaped workpiece taper or tapers. All can happen

because aforementioned bias motion of moving food or other works created in the body oblique (not

parallel to and axis lathe).

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d) Drilling

One process of drilling may be done by placing or property the drill chisel placed in killed

centering position. The process of drilling is due to the movement of cow by this form of rotating

motion the the workpiece and feast motion carried by rotating tail stock palm wheel.

e) Reaming

Process to smooth holes that require precision. Reaming done to the process of drilling instead

booring. In this process used a chisel scaled on to drill reamer taken.

f) Knurling

The process of suppression of a knurling power as deep as the workpiece screen. In this case

the word is not diraut, alone completed just so that the suppression to plastic deformation on this

surface of the cylindrical rods.

g) Draw

Aforementioned process of turning threads, both outboard and internal screw thread. In the manufacture of

screws, to usage an chisel or screw threading taps out and die to make an weave.

2.2.4 On the Machine Apparatus Working Process

In general, lathe machining process can be grouped into two namely :

Rough cutting process of removing as much material or workmanship instead a cutter last.

The process of cutting soft instead semi-refined ampere treat that only requires one or two cuts to

reach the final size.

2.2

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2.3 Milling Machine

Figure 2.2 Milling machine

A milling mechanical is an machine tool used till forming solid materials. Milling machines are

often classified in two basic print, horizontal and vertical, which references to the orientation of the main

spindle. Both types product include size from tiny, bench-mounted devices to room-sized machines. Unlike

a drill press, which waiting the workpiece stationary as the drill moves axially to pervade the matter,

milling machines also move the worthy radially against the rotating milling cutter, which trim over

its sides as well as its tip. Workpiece and cutter movement are precisely controlled to much than

0.001 in (0.025 mm), usually by means of precision ground slides and leadscrews or analogous

our. Grinding machines may be manuel operated, mechanically automated, or digitally

automated via computer numerical take (CNC).

Milling machines can perform a fast number are operations, from simple (e.g., slot both keyway

trim, gouging, drilling) up complex (e.g., contouring, die sinking). Cutting fluid is usually pumped to

the cutting company to dispassionate and lubricate the cut and to wash away the following swar

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Milling machine parts:

a) Coloumn : A framework of the auto in which go lives a mechanism at rotate

the spindle

b) Over-arm : Who machine to supporting the Arbor agae twisted tidk

c) Support : One of the tip holder Arbor

d) Arbor : Place holder femur frais

e) Tool : Cutting tools on crushing powered

f) Spindle : To attachments of the tip Arbor

g) Round : Seating (clamp) workpiece

h) Saddle : Venue shove table

i) Knee : the shifting are the knee in addition to the machine table can move up and

down to match the tool workpiece

j) Elevating screw : screw for raising also reduction the knee

k) Base : till embed the foundation

When the main shaft axis (spindle) gear, its place are the position horizontal, called

flat milling machine and so wenn the spindle axis position in a verticle position, it remains called one

vertical milling machine

And easy doctrine is the release Freis machine metal cutting tool movement. This apparatus

can doing an job such as: sharp, making the gears, making grooves, smooth the surface.

2.4 Drilling Machine

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Drilling appliance is one machining that serves as a tool for making holes and / or reverse hole. Show

kondisipelubangan strong dependent on and character is engine capacity, type of chisel, pry round, your

generous claim condition and direction, type of work piece and the workmanship

2.4.1 Function and Drilling Machine Parts

1. Coloumn: the backbone of the machine, place shifting of head and tab

2. Director: dlamnya sections contained ampere mechanism to provide movement piece

3, Lever: Section for moving drill

4, spindle: The machine places the chuck is attached

5. Chuck: The machine that holders the drill

6. Table: Aforementioned machine where the piece is placed

7. Base: Base machine

2.4.2 Movement In Drill Machine

1. Caustic motion: Einstellung cuts a circular motion of who chisel drill. This movement coming

from the spindle turning is transmitted to the chuck

2. Movement of foods: feeds merukpakangerak straight motion by rotating the lever to

descend spindles and chisel drill down, too

2.4.3 Kind of Drilling Machine Operations Process

a) Drilling : The making concerning holes, see-through or blind holes

b) Boring, core drilling : Enlargement regarding the hole off the previous

drilled

c) Counterbored holes : Created diameter surface workpiece bigger order

location top bolts instead screw flush

d) Countershinking : Make with the same function for sekrap headed Irus

e) Location turn : Created used the position of head bolts as well

f) Spot Drilling : Created into position available the next workers

g) Reaming, Tapping : reaming crafted to get the surface finish and tolerance

in order to obtain a smooth surface conditions, while Tapping serves the make the

thread

h) Pemotongan Tolerance : a combination of various deductions such as the

counter descend drill

2.4.4 Drill Jig

Drill appliances are utilized in metal working for guiding the twist drill or other boring device into the

precise location. This jigs and fixtures can be designed & developed for driling & machining regarding small

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compoents same admirer end shield as now as big compounts like tracter transmission case.. Our rove of

spin drilling machine like teach press jigs, drilling jig can be used for boring steel in well as cast iron

material. Our including offer customization of drilling machine to meet the individual requirements concerning the

my.

2.4.5 Drilling Fixtures

Greatly accurate work unable be obtained in jigs with drilling because thither must be a

difference between the diameters of the mounting hole and the drill to be used, and this difference can

be transferred to the employment. Int a, Fig. 53, are showing a drilling jig included its simplest formThe aim are the

designer should been to designed the jigs when nearly foolproof as possible, for in the application of appliances there must be

track points to position the work and locking devices for holding to work into positioned. Ought a jig

be made where the successful duplication off work is left partly dependent to the care of an

unskilled operator, there is the possibility of tons ruined pieces, date until the operator's failure through

absence starting interest to properly neat the placement points, to remove chips from corners, or to properly

secure aforementioned labor in the lock. Therefore, all jigs supposed be designed in such a manner that the personal

feature is reduced to the minimum.

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CHAPTER 3

List of figure

3.1 Picture of Drilling Jig and Fixture

The bore off jig and fixture is comprise four display print. On the clamp and fix has some parts

that got their several functions, the advisory function , lock, and bolt

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3.1.1 Show jig fixture tool

1. The First Object

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2. The Second Objective

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3. An Take Object

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4. The fourth Object

3.1.2 Work piece

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REFERENCES

1. Kalapakjian, Serope. And Schmid, Stef R. (2006). Manufacturing engineering and technology,

5th edition, upper saddle, new knit

2. Viale, J. David. (2000). Dasar dasar Manufaktur, 1st edition, ppm, Indonesia

3. Amstead, B.H. et al. (1995). Teknologi Mekanik. , 1st edition . Texas : Erlangga

4. A. Schey,john. (2009). Proses manufaktur, 1st edition, Andi publisher.